Alan first appears in courtly circles in about 1200, about the time he inherited his father's possessions and offices. Forty years after his death, these lands are recorded in the hands of the Bissets, although precisely how this came about is uncertain. [259] Celtic custom would not have barred the latter from the succession. David II had planted Scots speakers like the Dunbar family in Galloway and the Douglas Lords of Galloway continued this process, introducing the Gordon family into the Glenkens. [224][note 24]. Alan was born sometime before 1199. [243] Alan's death, about three years later in 1234,[244] is recorded by the Annals of Ulster,[245] the Chronicle of Melrose,[246] and the Chronicle of Lanercost—the later specifying the month February. [157] Unfortunately for Ragnall, the marital alliance appears to have cost him the kingship, since the chronicle records that the Manxmen had him removed from power and replaced with Amlaíb Dub. [39] Alan's involvement in the negotiations is evidenced by the fact that he was in the king's presence in Windsor on 3 June, when he is recorded to have exchanged gifts with the king. [171] The lack of substantial Gallovidan support in Ragnall's final foray may have been due to a flare-up of insurrection in Scotland that required Alan's immediate attention as constable of the realm. The ex-King of Dublin and Man, Echmarcach mac Ragnaill, had the title Rex Innarenn (possibly "King of the Rhinns") attributed to him on his death in 1065. [270], Throughout his career, Alan appears to have moved seamlessly between the native Gaelic environment of Galloway, and the Frankish cultural environment of the English and Scottish royal courts. [191] At about this point, the saga states that the fleet had reached a size of eighty ships,[192] a number which suggests a fighting force of about three thousand men. [143] In any case, the Irish ambitions that Alan had doggedly pursued since 1212 had finally come to an end. [120] Both this source and the Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland by Andrew Wyntoun, reveal that Alexander's troops mounted a second and successful assault the following year, resulting in the region's submission. In the former campaign, he took control of the Western Isles of Scotland, and deposed King Lagmann of Man. Fergus Lord Of GALLOWAY Birth: Abt 1090 Of Galloway, Scotland Death: 1161 Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Edinburghshire, Scotland Burial: 12 May 1161. m. … Suibne mac Cináeda (d.1034) is the first recorded king of the Gall-ghàidhil, the people of Galloway, although it is not until about 1138 that the succession is properly recorded. In 1211, Ross and Moray, the northern peripheries of the Scottish realm, were invaded by Gofraid mac Domnaill, a member of the Meic Uilleim, a kindred that contested the kingship. In July 1212, John summoned Alan to send one thousand of the "best and most vigorous" Gallovidian troops to assist the English forces in a planned campaign directed at northern Wales. [231][note 25] At some point before 1234, Christiana, one of Alan's daughters from his second marriage, married William de Forz. The mother of at least two of his children, Uhtred and Affraic, was an unknown daughter of Henry I, King of England. [193], Meanwhile, news of the gathering Norse fleet reached Alexander, who appears to have made straight for the western coast, diverting his attention to the now rapidly developing crisis. [162] The campaign itself appears to have been long and arduous, as Bower reports that Gilla Escoip and his two sons were slain in the following year. [268] Alan's Irish lands were not inherited by his daughters. Prince Fergus de Galloway (born 1096) was a contemporary and close relative of King Somerled [King of the Isles and Man], both being direct descendants through Godfraidh (Godfrey) mac Fergus, Lord of the Isles who died in 853 A.D. They were the parents of at least 2 sons. [162], Following his expulsion, Ragnall appears to have gone into exile at Alan's court in Galloway. [222] Alan's second marriage, therefore, allied him to the Scottish royal family,[223] and his first and third marriages allied him to the two main branches of the powerful Lacy family—firstly the Pontefract branch, and afterwards the Woebley branch. In response Gille Ruadh led a revolt against Alexander. Alan died in February 1234. [80] On the same day, John authorised a prest of three hundred merks to Alan,[81][note 11] an act that appears to reveal the importance that the king placed upon Alan's substantial military arsenal. [112] One such operation, directed deep into the Highlands against a certain Domnall mac Niall, seems to have been based from Inverness,[113] and perhaps directed into the Strathspey and Great Glen regions. Later he would construct his mighty fortress of Thrieve, near present-day Castle Douglas. Boasting accommodation with a patio, Lord Galloway 31 with Hot Tub, Newton Stewart is situated in Newton Stewart. Alan also held lands in the Kingdom of England, and was an advisor of John, King of England concerning Magna Carta. [285][note 33] Alexander, therefore, appears to have turned from Alan to Walter fitz Alan, entrusting the latter with the task of imposing royal authority further west into Argyll. [156] Shortly afterwards in about 1225 or 1226, the same source states that an unnamed daughter of Ragnall married Thomas, Alan's illegitimate son. These marriages are the last recorded actions that Alan appears to have involved himself. [207] Even though it had not been his intention, Alan's prolonged campaigning against Amlaíb Dub had caused a grave international crisis. When Gilla Brigte died a few years later, in a meeting between the kings of Scotland and England and the two sons of Uchtred and Gille Brigte, it was agreed that Uchtred's son Lochlann (Roland) would take possession of the southern part of Galloway. This … [174], Although Alan's marital alliance with Ragnall had likely been welcomed by the Scottish crown, the fact that the two were unable to quickly deal with Amlaíb Dub caused serious repercussions. [116] In fact, this clash may have been related to an ultimately unsuccessful Scottish intrusion into Argyll in the same year. [21], Roland died in December 1200,[13] after which Alan succeeded to the lordship of Galloway. The successful implementation of Alan's massive grant in Ulster, therefore, would have not only served English interests in the region, but would have also dramatically increased the security of the Scottish realm. (Incidentally, this campaign also brought him to Wales, where he killed the Earl of Chester and the Earl of Shrewsbury, who were at war with the Prince of Gwynedd). During many periods Galloway was much larger than it is today, and took in parts of southern Ayrshire, such as Carrick, Upper Douglasdale and Nithsdale. - Book great deals at Lord Galloway 35 with Expedia.co.uk - Check guest reviews, photos & cheap rates for Lord Galloway 35 in Newton Stewart [16] The other, Dervorguilla, married Nicholas de Stuteville, Lord of Liddel. Alan participated in the English colonisation of Ulster, receiving a massive grant in the region from the English king, and simultaneously aided the Scottish crown against rebel claimants in the western and northern peripheries of the Scottish realm. The cruives were fishtraps on the River Cree. [158] The recorded resentment of the marital alliance may indicate that Alan's son was intended to eventually succeed Ragnall,[159] who was perhaps about sixty years-old at the time. From about 1210 to 1215, his activity in Scottish affairs dwindles dramatically, whilst his activity in English affairs increases steadily. [103] In fact, Alan does not appear to have enjoyed the same amiable relationship with Henry's regime as he had during John's administration, and it wasn't until 1220 that matters concerning Alan's fealty to Henry, and the confirmation of Alan's English and Irish estates were finally settled. [208], Alan was married three times. The lords of Galloway consisted of a dynasty of heirs who were lords (or kings) and ladies who ruled over Galloway in southwest Scotland, mainly during the High Middle Ages. Stay at this 3.5-star holiday home in Newton Stewart. However, it all went wrong when Magnus was killed on his way back to Norway on a minor raid in Ulster. Fergus of Galloway took the throne of Galloway some time between 1110 and 1120. On 28 May, Alan is recorded in the presence of the king at Ayr, where the Scottish royal forces appear to have assembled. [197] These totals suggest that Alan commanded a force of two thousand[198] or three thousand men. 124-141 Paul, Sir James Balfour. The area appears to have been the main bastion of Scottish Gaelic culture south of the Highlands in the Middle Ages. Maclan. [166] Gallovidian successes were short-lived, however, as once Alan left Mann for home, Amlaíb Dub and his forces arrived on the scene, and routed the remaining Gallovidians. Alan's involvement in the Isles, a region under nominal Norwegian authority, provoked a massive military response by Hákon Hákonarson, King of Norway, causing a severe crisis for the Scottish crown. Galloway's period as an independent political entity eventually came to an end with John de Balliol delegated as Lord. Whatever the case, Uí Néill ambitions in the Isles appear to have come to an abrupt end with Áed Méith's death the following year, after-which the latter's kin became embroiled for years in a struggle against the Meic Lochlainn over the kingship of Tír Eoghain. Meanwhile, in Scotland, Alexander associated himself with some John's leading opponents. The Lords, or Kings of Galloway ruled over Galloway, in south west Scotland, for a large part of the High Middle Ages. Many regions of Scotland, including Galloway and Moray, periodically had kings or subkings, similar to those in Ireland during the Middle Ages. [258], It is possible that Alan had hoped that his illegitimate son, Thomas, would be able succeed to the lordship. Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lord_of_Galloway&oldid=993030579, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from November 2009, All articles needing additional references, Articles which use infobox templates with no data rows, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 8 December 2020, at 12:27. [144], In about 1225, the Chronicle of Mann records that Alan aided Ragnall in an unsuccessful military expedition in the Hebrides against Amlaíb Dub. [54][note 7], The territories granted to Alan encompassed most of what is today northern County Antrim and far north-eastern County Londonderry, stretching from Glenarm to Coleraine. Their elder son Uchtred became the second feudal Lord of Galloway. Alan FitzRoland, Lord of Galloway, Constable of Scotland, was born circa 1175 to Roland of Galloway (c1150-1200) and Elena de Moreville (-1217) and died 1234 of unspecified causes. [124] Whatever the case, following the second royal campaign into Argyll, Alexander soon consolidated his authority in the Firth of Clyde through the apparent expulsion of Ruaidrí,[125] the construction of a royal castle at Tarbert,[126] the erection of a royal burgh at Dumbarton in 1222,[127] and the eventual endowment of Cowal to the family of the royal steward. [240] Additionally, Alan had an illegitimate son, also named Thomas. As a result, it is possible that Scots decided to support one half-brother against another, in the expectation that the victor would destroy the power of his rival, thus restoring stability in the region. [205][note 20] The events of 1230–1231 marked a dramatic end of Alan's ambitions in the Isles. Uchtred mac Fergusa, Lord of Eastern Galloway since 1161, rules the lands of Glen Ken, Desnes Mor and Desnes Ioan. [131] Alan wrote to Henry in 1224, stating that he had been active in the king's service from June to September, and was about to launch a planned invasion of Ireland, but had just received intelligence indicating that a deal had been concluded between Hugh and the justiciar; additionally in his letter, Alan asked the king for confirmation of such a truce, and requested, in the event that Hugh were to be restored to favour, that his own and his brother's lands would be safeguarded by the king. The Life of Gille Brigte When Gille Brigte macFergus of Galloway was born in 1126, in Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland, his father, King Fergus of Galloway, was 36 and his mother, Princess Elizabeth FitzRoy/FitzHenry of England, was 31. [18][note 29] As it turned out, the Gallovidian succession was quickly seized upon by the Scottish crown. [162] According to Bower, a certain Gilla Escoip, who was almost certainly a Meic Uilleim, had burned the castle of Abertarff and sacked Inverness. As part of our concerted efforts, Established Titles has pledged to keep the entire woodland free from any other uses except for the peaceful enjoyment of the land, thereby protecting the biodiversity of the flora and fauna of the area. [52] In fact, Gofraid's invasion may well have been based from Ulster, and could have been an after-effect of John's campaign there. Some other sources list Prince Fergus as a son of Olave the Red, King of Man and father-in-law of King Somerled, making Fergus not only Somerled's cousin through his … Discover genuine guest reviews for Lord Galloway 35 along with the latest prices and availability – book now. Alan FitzROLAND (Lord) of GALLOWAY (sometimes erroneously shown as MacDONALD); Constable of Scotland; (thanks to Douglas Richardson for Alan's correct wives); named in Magna Charta. The alliance mitigated the threat of Domnall Ua Lochlainn, King of Ailech, bringing stability to the Irish Sea world, and security to Magnus' new Irish Sea "Empire." If he had indeed married Rose in 1229, for instance, this union may well have compelled her father to disassociate Áed Méith from lending support to the Meic Uilleim. [177] Even so, Alan's actions appear to have also led to the end of Irish support for the Meic Uilleim. Buying a Scottish land title can offer you the chance to be unique and style yourself as Lord of Glencoe or Lady of Glencoe. [170] Weeks later, Ragnall and Amlaíb Dub met in battle on Mann, where the former was finally defeated and slain. In effect, the alliance between John and Alan appears to have been a coordinated campaign constructed by the English and Scottish crowns in an effort to secure the control of outlying territories where their royal authority was disputed. [269] In fact, Thomas' lands should have passed to his son, Patrick, had the latter not died on the eve of his inheritance (under suspicious circumstances, apparently at the hands of the Bissets). [58] Furthermore, his territories lay on the fringes of former Lacy power, in a region where native Gaelic power was still strong. Alan's sister, Ada, married Walter Bisset the same year. The lords of Galloway would have either paid tribute to the Scottish monarch, or at other times ignored him. He married Aufrica of Fife about 1173, in Carrick, Ayrshire, Scotland. Fergus de Galloway was born about 1090 in Galloway, Scotland, Great Britain, son of Gospatric I of Northumbria and Aethelreda princess of England. [137] Although Thomas obeyed the king, Alan—who had not received royal compensation for his toils in Ireland—declined Henry's summons. The campaign resulted in an alliance between the two kings, and the arranged marriage of Magnus' son Siguðr to Muircertach's daughter Bjaðmunjo. This information is part of by on Genealogy Online. In fact, Alan and his brother, Thomas, were amongst the commanders of the royal Scottish forces that battled Gofraid in 1211. [43] For instance, the thirteenth-century Gesta Annalia I states that, when the English and Scottish kings concluded their treaty at Norham in February 1212, Alan did homage for the "extensive" Irish lands that the English king had given him. The boundaries of the Kingdom of Galloway were ill-defined, and varied over time. The Lords of Galloway are fairly well recorded in the 12th and 13th centuries, but the records are incomplete or conflicting at other times. Like other members of his family, he was a generous religious patron. Not only does the charter reveal that Alan pursued territorial claims whilst serving Scottish interests, but it forms part of a body of evidence suggesting that Alexander envisaged the imposition of Scottish royal authority over Northumberland. [117], The only record of this Argyllian campaign is preserved by Gesta Annalia I,[117] which notes that Alexander's forces included Gallovidians. Alan entered into a vicious inter-dynastic struggle for control of the Kingdom of the Isles, supporting one of his kinsmen against another. Born: abt. [210][note 22] It was likely upon this union that Alan gained the English lordship of Kippax as maritagium from his father-in-law. [44] The fifteenth-century historian Walter Bower echoed this statement, adding that Alan obtained a lordship of one hundred sixty knights' fees, and took an oath on William's behalf to uphold the treaty. [169] Although the chronicle's description of the attack alludes to Gallovidian involvement, as it states that the expedition originated from Galloway, the fact that Ragnall commanded only five ships suggests that this support may have been waning. According to feudal practice, however, Alan's nearest heirs were his three daughters. [114] It is unknown if this campaign was connected to the maritime operations undertaken by Alan's brother in the same year. [20] One after-effect of these early twelfth-century marital alliances was that Alan—Fergus' great-grandson—was a blood relative of the early thirteenth-century kings of England and the kings of the Isles—men who proved to be important players throughout Alan's career. [132] Although Alan received a royal licence to colonise his Irish lands the following year, there is no evidence that he or his brother were able to develop them. [38] The exact date of the transaction, however, cannot be ascertained due to a gap in English charter records between the months of April 1209 and May 1212.
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