O 0.56 T m Support Sporcle. The Player Efficiency Rating (PER) is a per-minute rating developed by ESPN.com columnist John Hollinger. 8. kawhi leonard. ) ] 24 games played Zach Fein January 19, 2009 John Hollinger's Player Efficiency Rating (PER) is a one-number measure of a player's per-minute productivity, and it … V × Some of the more important rule changes that should be considered include; some of the players on this list played before the three-point shot, blocks, and steals stats were officially recorded (Wilt Chamberlain, Bill Russell, etc.). + ( T m The PER model is computed in a multi-step fashion. 3 − [ F 14. blake griffin. 22.24. 3 ] O F 7. russell westbrook. T t B r F × P l D F ] The formula is given as where This model indeed looks torturous, however, it is not all that bad. G f F [ R × PER takes into account accomplishments, such as field goals, free throws, 3-pointers, assists, rebounds, blocks and steals, and negative results, such as missed shots, turnovers and personal fouls. ) TeamRankings.com is solely responsible for this site but makes no guarantee about the accuracy or completeness of the information herein. O T 12. andre drummond. P ] [ u 22.40. G Michael Jordan and LeBron James lead with four 30+ seasons, with Shaquille O'Neal and Wilt Chamberlain having accomplished three each, Anthony Davis and Giannis Antetokounmpo having accomplished two each, and David Robinson, Tracy McGrady, Dwyane Wade, Chris Paul, Stephen Curry, Russell Westbrook and James Harden [3] having accomplished one each. ( × All Rights Reserved. T [12], Comparing players from different generations using PER presents several problems, this is primarily due to the rule changes and the changes in statistical data collected from different eras (although many other factors could be taken into consideration, even down to the increased sample size as the NBA grew through incorporating more teams). Player Efficiency Rating (PER) PER is a player evaluation metric that boils down all of a player’s contributions into one number. × 0.44 To quote Dave Berri, the author of The Wages of Wins: Hollinger argues that each two point field goal made is worth about 1.65 points. G t − * Vs. TR Top 10 qualifier is career leaders for player efficiency ratings. × − Only 21 times has a player posted a season efficiency rating over 30.0 (with more than 15 games played in that season), with the highest score being 31.90 (Giannis Antetokounmpo). m − − × F D Picks for football and March Madness pools, Free Throw Attempts / Field Goal Attempts. G t A three point field goal made is worth 2.65 points. × e ) B He made this assumption because he forgot that PER is calibrated against the rest of the league at the end of the formula. First, a player’s unadjusted PERis calculated. R ) F To qualify a player must play 70% of his team's games. T The complicated formula “sums up all a player’s positive … P John Hollinger ‘s formula adds positive stats and subtracts negative ones through a statistical point value system. * Last 4 Weeks qualifier is 2 ( 6. stephen curry. [ t 25.08. A F F ( A So a player can be an inefficient scorer and simply inflate his value by taking a large number of shots. P P * Home Games qualifier is P F − ) l G g − B P [ 2 + × G For example, runs batted in is highly dependent upon opportunities created by a player's teammates. So with that, let’s take a look at Player Efficiency Rating, or PER.The Basics PER is a stat created by John Hollinger (formerly of ESPN, currently with the Memphis Grizzlies), that attempts to encapsulate the entirety of a player’s performance per minute into one single number, relative to the rest of the league (league average PER is always 15), while adjusting for pace. Given these values, with a bit of math we can show that a player will break even on his two point field goal attempts if he hits on 30.4% of these shots. B a − In professional basketball, the most commonly used statistical benchmark for comparing the overall value of players is called efficiency. B 2 R ( − + D PER extends this critique of counting statistics to basketball, noting that a player's opportunities to accumulate statistics are dependent upon the number of minutes played as well as the pace of the game. … PER: TOP 10 AND BOTTOM 10 FOR 2010-11 [ P Daily Leaders, Forfeits and Vacated Games, Historical AP #1 Losses, Player Milestone Watch About Contact and Media Information , Contributors and Sources , Glossary , Calculating Win Shares 2 P For example, Bruce Bowen, widely regarded as one of the best defenders in the NBA through the 2006–07 season, routinely posted single-digit PERs. R c The game is different now than when it was played in the 1980s or even before that". E ] F ( t = Also note that it is impossible to calculate PER (at least in the conventional manner described above) for NBA seasons prior to 1978, as the league did not keep track of turnovers among other advanced statistics before that year. The rating for each player is then adjusted to a per-minute basis so that, for example, substitutes can be compared with starters in playing time debates. The efficiency stat, in theory, accounts for both a player's offensive contributions and their defensive contributions, but it is generally thought that efficiency ratings favor offense-oriented player m It is a composite basketball statistic that is derived from basic individual statistics: points, rebounds, assists, steals, blocks, turnovers and shot attempts. We will break down this model in a bit. R by hockey2player Plays Quiz not verified by Sporcle . = 0.2464 K List of NBA season player efficiency rating (PER) leaders throughout league history. g l * Conference Games qualifier is × This is especially true for players such as Bruce Bowen and Trenton Hassell who are defensive specialists but don't get many blocks or steals. t × ) 3 = G A l P Some have argued that PER gives undue weight to a player's contribution in limited minutes, or against a team's second unit, and it undervalues players who have enough diversity in their game to play starter's minutes. P B 15 l T − He was slightly ahead of his time with advanced stats in the NBA and ended up earning a job in the Memphis Grizzlies front office. Player Efficiency Rating (PER): Simple Things To Know On October 12, 2020 By CoachSicko John Hollinger devised an all in one basketball rating adjusted to pace of play and an individual’s playing time to rank NBA players, present and past. B Best rookies and hispanic players. * Away/Neutral Games qualifier is + i The Player Efficiency Rating was a creation of ESPN basketball columnist John Hollinger. B 0.5 Visit ESPN to view 2020-21 NBA player stats. PER was originally developed by statistician John Hollinger. ) LeBron says he wants to be greatest of all time, still "far away from it, Spoelstra: Comparing LeBron to Jordan is impossible because 'game is different now', Rules changes have affected defensive philosophies, An in-depth description of how to calculate PER, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Player_efficiency_rating&oldid=1010989753, Articles containing potentially dated statements from March 2021, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 8 March 2021, at 12:26. g R + × * Division Games qualifier is Rate 5 stars Rate 4 stars Rate 3 stars Rate 2 stars Rate 1 star . − × + L + O NBA Efficiency leaders - 2020-21 season. 60 games played A O × L on pace for at least [ [ f The Player Efficiency Rating (PER) is a statistical measure used in the NBA to measure the efficiency of a player by taking into consideration all statistics kept by the NBA, and weights the player's production by minutes played per game, and number of team possessions per game. S ( × 2 O Hollinger freely admits that two of the defensive statistics it incorporates—blocks and steals (which was not tracked as an official stat until 1973)—can produce a distorted picture of a player's value and that PER is not a reliable measure of a player's defensive acumen. A 6 games played. L [ m − This final step takes away the advantage held by players whose teams play a fastbreak style (and therefore have more possessions and more opportunities to do things on offense), and then sets the league average to 15.00. F A missed field goal, though, costs a team 0.72 points. Among players with at least 500 minutes in 2010-11, the highest rating was LeBron James' 27.34. 2 [ 7 games played R [ E F × V For more information about PER Calculation visit basketball-reference. All Rights Reserved. l ) A R ] metric developed by basketball statistician John Hollinger as an extension of Player Efficiency Rating (as well as a simpler alternative F ] t c 0.1936 5. james harden. × t 9. giannis antetokounmpo. Player Efficiency Rating is an advanced stat to measure a player's impact in an NBA game. F O 24.84. on pace for at least F × R − V It is also adjusted for the team's pace. During the 1990s and 2000s numerous rule changes were incorporated, the "three point foul" and "clear path" rules were both introduced in the 1995–96 season with the effect of increasing the number of free throws, hand-checking (the amount of contact a defender may make with an opposing player) was banned in 1994 and the use of elbows was banned in 1997 (both rules had seen various degrees of limitation by earlier rule changes) although neither was fully implemented until 2004. on pace for at least The 2004 rule changes, which also included calling the defensive 3 second rule ("[...] a defensive player may not station himself in the key area longer than three seconds"—a longstanding rule which had been ignored by referees) had a major effect, opening up the game and allowing a more free-flowing offense; it encouraged aggressive inside attack based plays (to draw fouls), and has increased the number of fouls given when contact is made on players who drive to the basket. Actually, if we took a player that was completely average in every other respect for the 2006–07 season—rebounds, free throws, assists, turnovers, etc.—and gave him a league-average rate of shots, and all of them were 2-pointers, and he shot 30.4%, he'd end up with a PER of 7.18. NBA efficiency leaders (PER) by season. × P 22.07. B At the conclusion of the 2012–13 NBA season Miami Heat head coach, Erik Spoelstra, stated that comparing players from different generations is the equivalent to comparing "apples and oranges. T − [5][6] As the metric is averaged over the length of a player's entire career a decrease in efficiency later in his career means a player can move down in the ranking. A × A Active players are listed in bold. But the PER is … F F To end up with a league-average PER of 15.00, the actual break-even mark in this case is 48.5%, which is exactly what the league average is on 2-point shots this season. on pace for at least B × T ] + l P + × × + ] e 1 versatility rating and much more. S 1. lebron james. Get the ad-free and most optimal, full-featured Sporcle experience. S B This adjustment is given by T… Hollinger freely admits that two of the defensive statistics it incorporates—blocks and steals (which was not tracked as an official stat until 1973)—can produce a distorted picture of a player's value and that PER is not a reliable measure of a player's defensive acumen. g 2 The player efficiency rating (PER) is John Hollinger's all-in-one basketball rating, which attempts to boil down all of a player's contributions into one number. O × 24 games played T × 3. kevin durant. F l The official leaders for the latest NBA season. 23.02. 3 R Which player is dominating the 2020-2021 season? u F Michael Jordan vs LeBron James: who is better? [ In the main analysis, the researchers evaluated performance using the same advanced metrics that NBA teams use, including player efficiency rating… P Sort by NBA offensive officiency, sort by turnover ratio, the choice is yours! g The three-point shot entered the league in 1979–80 season. Find out here with ESPN.com's NBA season leaders, ranked by ESPN player rating systems. − × 13. damian lillard. 10. demarcus cousins. Statistics are updated nightly P ] The formula is: u − This measurement calculates a player’s per possession, per minute, personal contribution to the game. O All calculations begin with what is called unadjusted PER (uPER). Features the ability to filter by season, season type, per mode, stat category, and more. * Last 2 Weeks qualifier is ] ] G ) t P V B P ESPN.com's John Hollinger has ranked every team by every stat possible in this impressive ESPN insider series. T × [13] Former ABA and NBA Coach Larry Brown is quoted as saying "The college game is much more physical (than the NBA) [...] I always tease Michael (Jordan), if he played today, he'd average 50".[14]. − R For example, Bruce Bowen, widely regarded as one of the best defenders in the NBA through the 2006–07 season, routinely posted single-digit PERs. P m Of course, a stat created by a formula won't always give you the entire picture. R Hollinger's work has benefitted from the observations of sabermetric baseball analysts, such as Bill James. {\displaystyle uPER={\frac {1}{min}}\times \left(3P+\left[{\frac {2}{3}}\times AST\right]+\left[\left(2-factor\times {\frac {tmAST}{tmFG}}\right)\times FG\right]+\left[0.5\times FT\times \left(2-{\frac {1}{3}}\times {\frac {tmAST}{tmFG}}\right)\right]-\left[VOP\times TO\right]-\left[VOP\times DRBP\times \left(FGA-FG\right)\right]-\left[VOP\times 0.44\times \left(0.44+\left(0.56\times DRBP\right)\right)\times \left(FTA-FT\right)\right]+\left[VOP\times \left(1-DRBP\right)\times \left(TRB-ORB\right)\right]+\left[VOP\times DRBP\times ORB\right]+\left[VOP\times STL\right]+\left[VOP\times DRBP\times BLK\right]-\left[PF\times \left({\frac {lgFT}{lgPF}}-0.44\times {\frac {lgFTA}{lgPF}}\times VOP\right)\right]\right)}.
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